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Reflexive Verbs

A2 — Elementary глагол

Reflexive verbs end in -ся (after consonants) or -сь (after vowels). The suffix means "self" or indicates a reciprocal action.

Common uses

  • True reflexive: action done to oneself.
  • мыть (to wash) → мыться (to wash oneself)
  • одевать (to dress someone) → одеваться (to get dressed)

  • Reciprocal: action done between people.

  • встречать (to meet) → встречаться (to meet each other)
  • целовать (to kiss) → целоваться (to kiss each other)

  • Purely reflexive (no non-reflexive equivalent in the same sense):

  • смеяться (to laugh)
  • надеяться (to hope)
  • бояться (to be afraid)
  • улыбаться (to smile)
  • учиться (to study / learn)

Conjugation

The verb conjugates normally, then add -ся (after consonant ending) or -сь (after vowel). E.g., мыть → я моюсь, ты моешься, он моется…

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